Assessing Barriers to Implementation of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence–Based Tools in Critical Care: Web-Based Survey Study

Eric Mlodzinski   ¹ , MD ;   Gabriel Wardi   ^{1, 2} , MD, MPH ;   Clare Viglione   ³ , MPH, RD ;   Shamim Nemati   ⁴ , PhD ;   Laura Crotty Alexander   ^{1, 5} , MD ;   Atul Malhotra   ¹ , MD

¹ Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Physiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States

² Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States

³ Dissemination and Implementation Science Center, Altman Clinical & Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States

⁴ Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States

⁵ Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States