Patient Engagement in the Design of a Mobile Health App That Supports Enhanced Recovery Protocols for Cardiac Surgery: Development Study

Anna M Chudyk   ¹ , BHSc, MSc, PhD ;   Sandra Ragheb   ² , BN ;   David Kent   ³ , BKin, MSc ;   Todd A Duhamel   ^{3, 4} , PhD ;   Carole Hyra   ⁵ ;   Mudra G Dave   ³ ;   Rakesh C Arora   ^{6 *} , BA, MD, PhD, FRCSC, FACS ;   Annette SH Schultz   ^{7, 8 *} , RN, PhD

¹ Department of Family Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

² Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

³ Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

⁴ Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

⁵ Healthy Heart Patient and Caregiver Researcher Group, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface Hospital, Winipeg, MB, Canada

⁶ Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiac Surgery, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

⁷ College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

⁸ Health Services & Structural Determinants of Health Research, St Boniface Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

*these authors contributed equally