Artificial Intelligence in Surgery and Perioperative Medicine

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Years in this theme: All years 2026 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021

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Articles published in 2026 in this theme: 29 (scroll down to load remaining articles)

2026

Physiotherapist examining a patient's knee for pain and injury.

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Technical Feasibility of a Multimodal Electro-Optical and Infrared Imaging Pipeline for Postoperative Wound Assessment After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Formative Evaluation Study

Tej S Ranade, Emily Hu, Kadambari Beelwar, Sandeep Boddeda, Praharsha Mulpur, Adarsh Annapareddy, A V Gurava Reddy

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Oct 08); 10:e99244

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AI ethics in perioperative care: patient, doctor, nurse, and committee discuss AI's role.

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AI Trustworthiness in the Perioperative Period for Patients with Serious Illness: Scoping Narrative Review

Bhagvat J Maheta, Rachel L Ross, Isabella Raspi, Christina Keny, Marti N Okech, Selen Bozkurt, Karleen F Giannitrapani

JMIR Perioper Med 2026 (Oct 01); 9:e89936

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Medical team uses VR to examine a 3D model of a brain tumor.

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From Prototype to Practice: Mixed Methods Study of Human-Centered Design and Usability Evaluation of Augmented Reality for Complex Oncology Surgical Workflows

Maria Matsangidou, Mikolaj R Kowal, Jakob Yianni, Maria Krini, Samir Pathak, Katie Gordon, Malcolm A Luker, Deborah D Stocken, David Jayne, Constantinos S Pattichis

JMIR Hum Factors 2026 (Sep 30); 13:e86725

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Medical office desk with laptop, leg X-rays, and legal documents

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Development and Validation of Machine Learning Models for Postjudgment Estimation of High Compensation Ratios After Lower Limb Fracture Surgery: Retrospective Study

Lixuan Song, Siwen Zhao, Yuanzheng Deng, Ruqin Yang, Hongyang Wang, Shumin Zhang, Wenjun Li, Wen Wen, Hongtao Lei, Taipin Guo, Zijian Lv

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Sep 22); 14:e93801

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Man working on computer displaying medical research flowchart with icons for patients, data, and legs.

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Diagnostic Accuracy of AI in Prediction and Assessment of Compromised Free Flaps: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Kuan-Chen Huang, Yu-Ying Chu, Melanie J Wang, Ren-Wen Huang, Yun-Jui Lu, Cheng-Hung Lin, Chung-Chen Hsu, Shih-Heng Chen, Yu-Te Lin, Che-Hsiung Lee

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 22); 28:e91174

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Robotic surgery system with surgeon controlling arms over patient

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Public Perceptions and Determinants of Preference for Robotic-Assisted Surgery in the United Arab Emirates: Cross-Sectional Study

Yasir Ahmed Mohammed Elhadi, Aminu S Abdullahi, Abdelrahman Mohamed Alblooshi, Abdulla Alhosani, Arwa Al Khalidi, Mohammed Saleem, Shamma Rashed Mohammed Alrashdi, Reem Saleh Aljaberi, Azhar T Rahma

JMIR Hum Factors 2026 (Sep 11); 13:e97975

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Surgical team in operating room, nurse points to patient monitor screen

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The Cognitive Transaction: Toward a Human Factors Research Agenda for AI in Anesthesia and Perioperative Care

Sheena Warner, Christopher H Stucky, Tamara Haegerich, Young J Yauger

JMIR Hum Factors 2026 (Sep 10); 13:e102683

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Medical image showing a gallstone in the gallbladder with superimposed diagram of bile ducts.

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Real-Time AI-Augmented Fluoroscopic Navigation for Intraoperative Pulmonary Nodule Localization: Prospective Observational Pilot Study

Hsiang Teng, Hsu-Kai Huang, Cheng-Jung Lin, Ying-Shian Chen, Yueh-Hsun Tsai, Tsai-Wang Huang, Kuan-Hsun Lin

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Sep 09); 10:e94084

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Doctor filling out medical history questionnaire with patient

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GPT-4o–Powered Preanesthetic AI: Development and Validation Study

Bo-Han Lin, Cheng-Wei Lu, I-Ching Hou, Chong-Sun Khoi, Tzu-Yu Lin, Chin-E Liu

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 25); 14:e83893

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Surgeons in blue scrubs and gloves performing a surgical procedure with instruments.

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Zero-Shot Classification of Postoperative Complications From Real-World Discharge Letters According to the Clavien-Dindo System Using Large Language Models in Liver Surgery: Comparative Study

Sina Warmer, Kamyar Arzideh, Marie Morys, Ahmad Idrissi-Yaghir, Jan Bednarsch, Daniel Heise, Arzu Oezcelik, Marc Reschke, Tom F Ulmer, Ulf P Neumann, Felix Nensa, Katarzyna Borys, René Hosch, Sophia M Schmitz

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 21); 28:e92407

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Medical team monitors patient vitals on screens in ICU and remote monitoring center.

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Evaluating Telemedical Supervision for Critical Anesthesia Scenarios: Randomized Controlled Simulation Study

Jonas Roth, Verena Voigt, Michael Schauwinhold, Andreas Follmann, Michael Czaplik

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 18); 14:e88056

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Two doctors in blue scrubs examining a medical scan

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A Multidisciplinary Team–Based Large Language Model Framework for Predicting Postoperative Neurological Complications in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: Model Development and Validation Study

Jili Li, Julin Zhang, Xingrui Tao, Yaoye Chen, Siqi Xun, Guangshuo Qin, Kaiyue Diao, Chaoyi Qin

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 18); 28:e91257

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AI in surgery: Monitor shows brain visualization, vitals, and predictive algorithms.

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Clinical Evaluation of an AI-Assisted Decision Support System for General Anesthesia Management Based on Data From 6 Centers: Comparative Study

Dongxu Chen, Qingsheng Xue, Geng Wang, Shanshan Mu, Zhen Zeng, Bin Xu, Shiyue Li, Weidong Gu, Jing Shi, Yu Chen

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Jul 20); 28:e90023

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Doctor and patient discussing medical data on laptop screens in a clinic.

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Fine-Tuning, Retrieval-Augmented Generation, and Hybrid Large Language Models for Postoperative Decision Support: Comparative Analysis

Srinivasagam Prabha, Bernardo Gabriele Collaco, Cesar Abraham Gomez-Cabello, Syed Ali Haider, Ariana Genovese, Zhihui Fang, Nadia Wood, Sanjay Bagaria, Cui Tao, Antonio Jorge Forte

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Jul 14); 28:e90692

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Dentist typing on laptop with dental, skeletal, and lip icons

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Linguistic Fidelity and Classification Performance of Large Language Models for Generating Synthetic Operative Notes: Evaluation Study

Meredith Cox, Elaine Lin, Nicholas Oleck, Carlee Jones, Neill Y Li, Suhail K Mithani, Alexander C Allori

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Jul 03); 10:e87276

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Laptop displaying ECG Buddy software with patient ECG data and sinus rhythm chart.

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Multitask Artificial Intelligence–Based Electrocardiogram Tool for Preoperative Cardiac Testing in Noncardiac Surgery: Retrospective Cohort Study of Health Care Utilization and Costs

Hong-Mi Choi, Yerin Kim, Joonghee Kim, Jiesuck Park, In-Chang Hwang, Yun Young Choi, Ji Hyun Lee, Yeonyee E Yoon, Il-Young Oh, Goo-Yeong Cho, In-Ae Song, Youngjin Cho

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Jun 17); 28:e90099

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Training AI Models for Aesthetic Facial Evaluation: Focused Review and Framework to Mitigate Homogenizing Bias

Anisha R Kumar, Lav R Varshney

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Jun 15); 28:e95452

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Surgeon in scrubs monitors patient vitals on a medical monitor during surgery.

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Machine Learning for Intraoperative Bleeding Prediction in Patients Undergoing Surgery: Scoping Review

Shiqiong Yan, Ping Zhang, Sijia Xie, Huan Hu, Yi Gao, Linli Xie, Jie Jing, Wanwan Qiao

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Jun 10); 14:e80930

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AI-Generated Avatar Videos for Postoperative Patient Education Among Health Care Workers: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Syed Ali Haider, Srinivasagam Prabha, Cesar Abraham Gomez-Cabello, Ariana Genovese, Bernardo G Collaco, Nadia Wood, James London, Sanjay Bagaria, Mark A Lifson, Cui Tao, Antonio Jorge Forte

JMIR Perioper Med 2026 (May 27); 9:e89277

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Elderly woman in blue hospital gown sitting on medical examination table

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AI-Supported, Integrative Prediction of Postoperative Delirium: Protocol for the CONFUSED Study

Katharina Rump, Hartmuth Nowak, Martin Eisenacher, Samuel Busch, Britta Westhus, Matthias Unterberg, Sara Sordon, Lars Palmowski, Andrea Witowski, Malte Bayer, Thilo Bracht, Dominik Ziehe, Michael Adamzik, Tim Rahmel, Björn Koos, Lars Bergmann, Barbara Sitek

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (May 25); 15:e87020

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